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IEEE Spectrum Robotics
- 01Japan Pioneered Humanoid Robots—Can It Now Catch China?“In the future, the relationship between humans and robots will deepen, and the distinction between them will probably disappear.” This prediction, from one of the attendees at the recent Humanoids Summit in Tokyo , might have been unremarkable had it not come directly from an android that was first introduced to the world 20 years ago. Geminoid HI-6 is the sixth-generation of a robot originally designed in 2006. The mechanical twin of Osaka University professor Hiroshi Ishiguro , Geminoid HI-6 Tim Hornyak
- 02Video Friday: An Earthbound Mars Rover for the MoonVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO IROS 2026 : 27 September–1 October 2026, PITTSBURGH Enjoy today’s videos! NASA is considering a missionEvan Ackerman
- 03Video Friday: Give Robots a HandVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO IROS 2026 : 27 September–1 October 2026, PITTSBURGH Enjoy today’s videos! The best way of introducing aEvan Ackerman
- 04Video Friday: Do Robots Even Need Legs?Video Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO IROS 2026 : 27 September–1 October 2026, PITTSBURGH Enjoy today’s videos! Eno is our first agentic roboEvan Ackerman
- 05What Amazon’s Astro Taught Me About Giving Robots a SoulIn 2018, Amazon brought me in as the lead UX Sound Designer for Astro, its first consumer home robot . Astro used cameras and other sensors to map and navigate your home and workplace , and could proactively patrol, check up on loved ones, and transport small items using its built-in cargo bin. While there was a well-defined feature set and form factor, initially there was no character direction. In fact, even before Astro had a name, there were two main questions—was it simply Alexa on wheels, Mike Forst
- 06The Secret to Marathon-Winning Humanoid RobotsOn 19 April 2026, the Honor Lightning humanoid robot ran a half-marathon in 50 minutes and 26 seconds , beating the human world record by 7 minutes and the best robot time from 2025 by almost 2 hours. How did Honor do it? Is there some magical technology or technique that unlocked this performance? How did the company beat the significantly better-known Unitree (which reportedly had to supply its robot with an ice backpack to try and complete the race without overheating)? My doctoral thesis invAvik De
- 07Visual Language Models Train Robots to Read Human EmotionsThis article is part of our exclusive IEEE Journal Watch series in partnership with IEEE Xplore. As robots advance in terms of dexterity and other physical capabilities , it becomes more likely that humans may find themselves working alongside them. If that happens, how will robots’ emotional capabilities need to advance for them to successfully work with people? In a recent study, researchers trained collaborative robots to read human emotions by not only accounting for facial expressions, but Michelle Hampson
- 08Award-Winning Researcher Trains Robots to Make Educated GuessesYen-Ling Kuo always wanted to understand how things worked. When she was growing up in Taiwan, reading the story of Michael Faraday in elementary school piqued her curiosity about the natural world. During that time, she was introduced to Logo , a computer program with a turtle cursor to help children learn basic coding through hands-on experimentation. It was Kuo’s introduction to programming logic. Yen-Ling Kuo Employer University of Virginia in Charlottesville Title Assistant professor of comLiz Wegerer
- 09Video Friday: Robotic Motion Discovery Reveals Unusual BehaviorsVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! We present MotionDisco, a framework that discovers contact-rich, long-horizon humEvan Ackerman
- 10Defining Autonomy for Wellness Robots in Senior CareAn examination of how socially assistive wellness robots could support the seven dimensions of senior wellness, and how a framework can measure their autonomy. What Attendees will Learn Why the senior care crisis exceeds incremental automation. Demographic pressure, workforce shortages, and a daily wellness-programming gap all strain traditional care models. What defines a wellness robot as a category. The seven ICAA wellness dimensions and eight properties separate these robots from companion aDreamface Technologies
- 11Beyond Dexterity: Why Contact May Define the Next Era of RoboticsThis article is brought to you by AGILINK . Throughout the exhibition hall at the 2026 IEEE International Conference on Robotics (ICRA), in Vienna, one demonstration seemed to attract a disproportionate amount of attention. Two robotic hands were making a balloon dog. Slowly and deliberately, the robot twisted a long balloon into loops, bends, and joints without popping it. Visitors stopped, watched, and often returned with colleagues to watch again. AGILINK’s balloon dog demonstration draws a cAgilink
- 12How JPL Keeps the 13-Year-Old Curiosity Rover Doing ScienceThirteen years ago last August, I was camped out in NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory press room in Pasadena, Calif., waiting to see whether the Curiosity rover would survive its descent and skycrane-assisted landing on the surface of Mars. It did, and it was awesome . Since then, Curiosity (also known as Mars Science Laboratory) has traveled nearly 37 kilometers , drilled into and sampled 42 different rocks , and as of publication has snapped nearly 763,000 photos . The fact that this robot is sEvan Ackerman
- 13Video Friday: Watch This Running Robot Not Fall Down StairsVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! It’s been a while since a humanoid robot video actually impressed me, but the begEvan Ackerman
- 14This DIY Bipedal Robot Used Pneumatic “Air-Muscles” Instead of MotorsIn 1987, Richard Greenhill , a British photographer who was fascinated by (but had no actual training in) robotics, decided he wanted to build a life-size humanoid that could do useful things, like carrying luggage. He was working at a startup called Intergalactic Robots, but he couldn’t convince anyone there to build such a machine, so he set about building one himself, in his attic. To help with his project, he organized a weekly get-together of a dozen or so like-minded folks. Every WednesdayAllison Marsh
- 15Video Friday: Extreme Omnidirectional RobotVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. ICRA 2026 : 1–5 June 2026, VIENNA RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! What is the right number of legs for a robot? TEvan Ackerman
- 16Video Friday: Atlas Versus a FridgeVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. ICRA 2026 : 1–5 June 2026, VIENNA RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! Just months after its debut, Atlas is proving wEvan Ackerman
- 17Open-Source Software Is Starting to Help Robots ThinkWhen a group of academics started making open-source robotics hardware , a generation of roboticists got years of their lives back. Now, the bigger challenge is getting robots to think—and that’s starting to be open sourced too. The shift is still early, but companies including Hugging Face, Nvidia, and Alibaba have all made significant bets on open-source robotics in the last two years, releasing tools and models aimed at the higher-level work of getting robots to reason, decide, and act. The oJackie Snow
- 18The Future of Physical AI Isn’t Smarter Robots, It’s Smarter InterfacesThis sponsored article is brought to you by Wetour Robotics . A field technician on a wind turbine, harness clipped, both hands on a wrench, needs to send a command to the diagnostic device hanging at her belt. A logistics worker on a loading dock, gloves on, eyes on the pallet, needs to redirect a connected lift. A person using an assistive mobility device on a crowded street wants to nudge it forward without taking out a phone or speaking aloud. None of these moments call for a smarter robot. Wetour Robotics
- 19Will Robotics Have a ChatGPT Moment?Over the next few decades, billions of autonomous, AI-powered robots will work alongside people in factories, perform tedious tasks in warehouses, care for the elderly, assist in unsafe disaster areas , deliver packages and food to our doorsteps, and eventually help out in our homes. Some will look like us, and many won’t. What is certain is that regardless of form factor, robots will all rely heavily on AI in order to deliver real-world value. In 2025, total investments in robotics companies reHans Peter Brondmo
- 20Robots Could Turn E-Waste Into a Source of Legacy ChipsElectronic waste is moving up on regulatory agendas in 2026. New European waste-shipment rules, expanded recycling fees on products with non-removable batteries in California, and an e-waste import ban in Malaysia, for example, are all increasing pressure to recover more value before electronics are shredded or exported. The world is projected to generate 82 million tonnes of e-waste annually by 2030, according to the United Nations’ most recent Global E-Waste Monitor report in 2024. The report Shannon Cuthrell
- 21Home Robot Safety Is All About RelationshipsThe International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is updating its 12-year-old safety requirements for personal care robots . A lot has happened since the last revision, both on the technology side and with researchers’ understanding of safety for humans collaborating with domestic robots. The proposed ISO update addresses hazard identification, risk assessment, and different use scenarios. It does not, however, set limits, propose testing methods, or have enforcement mechanisms that mightLucas Laursen
- 22What Makes a Job Dull, Dirty, or Dangerous?For years, the field of robotics has used the terms “dull, dirty, and dangerous” (DDD) to describe the types of tasks or jobs where robots might be useful—by doing work that’s undesirable for people. A classic example of a DDD job is one of “repetitive physical labor on a steaming hot factory floor involving heavy machinery that threatens life and limb.” But determining which human activities fit into these categories is not as straightforward as it seems. What exactly is a “dull” task, and who Kate Darling
- 23Agentic AI for Robot TeamsThis presentation highlights recent efforts at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory to advance agentic AI for collaborative robotic teams. It begins by framing the core challenges of enabling autonomy, coordination, and adaptability across heterogeneous systems, then introduces a scalable architecture designed to support agentic behaviors in multi-robot environments. The talk concludes with key challenges encountered and practical lessons learned from ongoing research and development. KeJohns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory
- 24Video Friday: Heavy Robotic Machinery Operates ItselfVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. ICRA 2026 : 1–5 June 2026, VIENNA RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! Bulk material handling is a critical, labor-intEvan Ackerman
- 25Hello Robot Sets the Standard for Practical, Safe Home RobotsMany roboticists (and at least one robotics journalist) have been seduced by the dream of a robot butler. And the rampant popularity of videos showing humanoid robots doing household tasks in improbably clean kitchens and unrealistically tidy bedrooms suggests that we’re not the only ones interested in a robot that can do our chores. But for all kinds of reasons , legged humanoids are not yet ready for industrial or commercial applications at scale, and home applications ( if people even want thEvan Ackerman
- 26Video Friday: AI Gives Robot Hands Humanlike DexterityVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. ICRA 2026 : 1–5 June 2026, VIENNA RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! Introducing GENE-26.5—the first AI brain to givEvan Ackerman
- 27iRobot Founder Wants to Put a Robotic Familiar Into Your HomeTwo years ago, Colin Angle stepped down as CEO of iRobot , the company that he cofounded and the most successful home robot company the world has ever seen. Angle almost immediately founded a stealthy new “physical AI” company called Familiar Machines & Magic (FM&M), which in short order managed to attract a combination of exceptionally talented robotics folks, including Morgan Pope from Disney Research , which got us very curious. Today, Familiar Machines & Magic is announcing its first robot, Evan Ackerman
- 28DAIMON Robotics Wants to Give Robot Hands a Sense of TouchThis article is brought to you by DAIMON Robotics . This April, Hong Kong-based DAIMON Robotics has released Daimon-Infinity , which it describes as the largest omni-modal robotic dataset for physical AI, featuring high resolution tactile sensing and spanning a wide range of tasks from folding laundry at home to manufacturing on factory assembly lines. The project is supported by collaborative efforts of partners across China and the globe, including Google DeepMind, Northwestern University, andSujeet Dutta
- 29Video Friday: Figure, 1X Ramp Up Humanoid Robot ProductionVideo Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. ICRA 2026 : 1–5 June 2026, VIENNA RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Actuate 2026 : 18–19 August 2026, SAN FRANCISCO Enjoy today’s videos! Figure is now able to produce 55 robots per weeEvan Ackerman
- 30Video Friday: Who Wins in Robot vs. Pro Ping-Pong Player?Video Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion. ICRA 2026 : 1–5 June 2026, VIENNA RSS 2026 : 13–17 July 2026, SYDNEY Summer School on Multi-Robot Systems : 29 July–4 August 2026, PRAGUE Enjoy today’s videos! Sony AI’s latest research, published on the cover of Nature , addresses a long-standing challenEvan Ackerman
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