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Frontiers in Neuroscience · 实时热榜

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Correction: Domain-aware domain–class adaptation network for motor execution to motor imagery EEG classification
Jiahuan Wang
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From sympathetic storm to systemic inflammation: spatiotemporal dynamics of the brain-lung axis in neurogenic pulmonary edema
Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) is a life-threatening complication of acute central nervous system (CNS) injury, characterized by the rapid onset of hypoxemia and pulmonary fluid accumulation in the absence of underlying cardiopulmonary disease. In recent years, emerging integrative frameworks such as the “neuroimmunoaxis” and “brain-lung axis” have provided new perspectives on how CNS injury leads to systemic immune dysregulation and pulmonary dysfunction. However, critical questions remain reMingxin Zhang
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Synaptic output from suprachiasmatic nucleus cholecystokinin neurons regulates locomotor rhythmicity
BackgroundThe mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) serves as the master circadian pacemaker, which coordinates daily behavioral and physiological rhythms through functionally diverse neuronal subtypes. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is expressed in a subset of SCN neurons; however, its role in locomotor activity rhythms remains poorly understood.MethodsTo study the functional contribution of SCN CCK-expressing (SCNCCK) neurons, we selectively blocked synaptic transmission by injecting a Cre-dependent Wanli Chen
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Oscillatory dynamics as the coordination layer of the organism: waves, Markov blankets, and the virtual space of cognition
Neural oscillations are not a mechanism that implements cognition. We present a new theoretical framework through a synthesis of relevant literature that has emerged in recent years: metabolic activity in the body, including but not limited to neural tissue, gives rise to an oscillatory pattern that contains information accessible to individual cells. The resulting dynamical structure allows cognitive activity to map the body in fine detail, to perceive its surroundings, or to extend into represThomas Dylan Daniel
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Focal volume, steering, and aberration correction in transcranial focused ultrasound: reconsidering the tradeoffs between single-element transducers, phased arrays, and acoustic holograms
Transducer architecture is an increasingly important design consideration in transcranial focused ultrasound, where focal precision, electronic steering, skull-aberration correction, workflow complexity, and cost must be balanced. Under matched aperture, transmit frequency, focal depth, effective source geometry, and equivalent aberration correction, subdividing an aperture into multiple independently driven elements does not by itself reduce the diffraction-limited focal volume. Phased arrays pNorman M. Spivak
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Targeted stool metabolomics suggests exploratory catecholamine- and tryptophan-linked metabolic features in autism spectrum disorder
BackgroundGut-brain axis dysregulation and microbiome-linked metabolic alterations have been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the contribution of gut-derived neuroactive metabolites remains incompletely characterized.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional case-control study of 59 participants (32 ASD, 27 controls) and quantified 18 stool metabolites related to catecholamine synthesis, inhibitory neurotransmission, and tryptophan-linked NAD+-precursor metabolism using targeted liqKevin Liu
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High-altitude hypoxic cues and cerebral ischemic tolerance: an evidence-graded translational framework for stroke research
High altitude exposes the brain to heterogeneous hypoxic, hemodynamic, rheological, inflammatory, and healthcare-access conditions. This heterogeneity makes altitude biologically informative for stroke research, but it does not justify treating natural altitude exposure as a single protective or harmful state. In this structured narrative review, we searched and organized the literature to ask which altitude-associated hypoxic cues resemble or reveal mechanisms compatible with cerebral ischemic Xusheng Wu
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Implications of autolysosome- astrocyte-associated signature in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease: evidence from artificial intelligence and multi-omics and clinical validation
BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Dysfunctional cellular clearance mechanisms, particularly autophagy-lysosomal pathways, and reactive astrocytosis are prominent pathological features, yet their interrelationship remains poorly defined.ObjectiveThis study aimed to decipher a novel co-expression molecular signature linking autolysosomal dysfunction and astrocyte reactivity in AD pathogeCongmin Zhang
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EFE-8c4, a polyamine from Elaeagnus multiflora, protects neuronal cells by regulating oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways
Neurological disorders, including depression, cognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative diseases, are closely associated with oxidative stress, apoptotic neuronal loss, and impaired neuronal differentiation. Polyamine derivatives from natural products have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents, although their mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, three polyamine compounds isolated from Elaeagnus multiflora fruit were evaluated in SH-SY5Y cell models of oxidative and gDa-In Choi
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A multi-task segFormer framework for lesion segmentation and cerebral palsy classification based on multi-modal MRI in infant with periventricular white matter injury
ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a multi-task framework for detection of five MRI predictors of CP and intelligent recognition of CP based on multi-modal MRI in infant with PVWMI.MethodsWe present MMSeg-CP, a multi-task framework for joint anatomical target region segmentation, lesion of target region segmentation, and CP classification from registered T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). MMSeg-CP adopts a SegFormer-based hierarchical transformer encoder and a lightweigTingting Huang
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Editorial: Home cage-based phenotyping in rodents: innovation, standardization, reproducibility, and translational improvement, volume II
Lars Lewejohann
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Neurochemical-hemodynamic-electrophysiological coupling in the neonatal brain: a multimodal MRS-fMRI-EEG investigation
IntroductionInhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter levels are linked to fast neuronal oscillations and infra-slow hemodynamic fluctuations, suggesting a shared excitation–inhibition (E/I) regulatory framework across measures. However, these relationships may differ in early development, when both excitatory and inhibitory cortical systems are undergoing substantial functional and structural maturation. Consequently, we hypothesize different functional coupling between neurochemical, electropJuliette L. Y. Champaud
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Integrated bulk, single-cell, and spatial transcriptomic analyses prioritize NOTCH1 as a candidate gene associated with neurovascular and immune-related alterations in Parkinson’s disease
IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is classically defined by dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra, yet how immune activation is linked to neurovascular dysfunction in the diseased brain remains incompletely understood.MethodsHere, we integrated bulk substantia nigra microarray expression datasets with single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data to delineate disease-associated neurovascular and immune-related transcriptomic programs in PD.ResultsAcross three independent human Wenkui Li
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Modulating autonomic nervous system activity with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: a proof of concept study
BackgroundCardiovascular dysautonomia is a debilitating non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that limits exercise capacity and neurorehabilitation outcomes. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an emerging non-invasive neuromodulatory therapy that modulates cardiovascular activity and could potentially serve as an adjunct to exercise, yet its physiological effects on cardiovascular function in PD remains unexplored.ObjectiveThis proof-of-concept, sham-controlled cAlexandra Evancho
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Microbiota-gut-brain axis imbalance: a promising therapeutic target for preserving brain health in high-altitude environment
High-altitude hypobaric hypoxia poses a significant threat to brain function, yet effective neuroprotective strategies remain limited. Emerging evidence highlights the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) as a key mediator in high-altitude-induced cognitive impairment, positioning it as a potential therapeutic target. This review synthesizes current knowledge on how high-altitude exposure dynamically reshapes gut microbial ecology, characterized by reduced diversity, phylum-level instability, and fuHemiao Xu
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The relationship between intracranial artery hemodynamics and subjective cognitive decline in patients with cerebral small vessel disease: a 4D flow study
BackgroundRecent studies link disrupted intracranial artery hemodynamics, including pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and wall shear stress (WSS), to neuroimaging features of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Cognitive dysfunction is a key clinical manifestation of CSVD. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), considered a pre-mild cognitive impairment stage, enables early identification and intervention to control cognitive decline. Nevertheless, scholarly investigation on SCD in CHui Sun
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Micro- and nanoplastics as environmental modifiers of neuroimmune dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the aggregation of α-synuclein, with increasing evidence implicating environmental factors and neuroimmune dysfunction in its pathogenesis. Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), ubiquitous environmental pollutants generated from plastic degradation, have recently emerged as potential biological stressors capable of entering the human body and accumulating in sensitive tissues, incSichen Qian
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Integrating anatomical priors and clinical semantics for MRI-based diagnosis and care support in Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important tool for its auxiliary diagnosis because it can reveal key structural abnormalities, including hippocampal and parahippocampal atrophy, ventricular enlargement, temporal cortical degeneration, and gray matter loss. However, reliable stage-aware classification remains challenging because current methods are still limited in handling weak anatomical boundaries, low-conXin Huang
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Inhibiting the uPAR/FPR1 interactions reduces blood-retinal barrier breakdown and improves retinal function in a rat model of diabetes
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness characterized by early neurovascular damage driven by hyperglycemia-induced mechanisms, including inflammation. The system composed of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR) has previously emerged as a potential regulator of the pro-inflammatory events in DR, possibly through the interaction of uPAR with its lateral partners, such as formyl peptide receptors (FPRs). This study explored whether the inhibitioAlessio Canovai
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Endocannabinoid system modulation in bruxism: a neurobiological hypothesis and translational model of ECS-targeted intervention
Bruxism is a multifactorial motor behavior of predominantly central origin, characterized by repetitive masticatory muscle activity and associated with dysregulation of dopaminergic, serotonergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic pathways involved in motor control, emotional regulation, and stress responsivity. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a key homeostatic neuromodulator capable of integrating these neurotransmitter systems, thereby influencing pain processing, sleep–wake dynamicRafaela A. da Rosa