Frontiers

知识

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Neuroscience

Frontiers

18分钟前更新

01
A novel mutation in SETD1A is associated with early-onset epilepsy—a rare case report
SET Domain Containing 1A (SETD1A) is a histone H3K4 methyltransferase implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. Pathogenic variants in this gene are associated with schizophrenia, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Here, whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed on a 4-year-old Chinese girl with early-onset epilepsy and her unaffected parents. A novel de novo heterozygous variant in SETD1A (NM_014712.3: c.1067C > T/p.Ser356Phe) was identified in a patient presenting with RiNa Su
02
An end-to-end pipeline for automated fetal brain segmentation and biometry from 3D SSFP MRI
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an essential role for the evaluation of fetal abnormalities, offering improved visualization of developing brain structures and superior soft tissue contrast in comparison to other imaging modalities. Accurate and reproducible assessment of fetal brain biometry is critical for diagnosing neurodevelopmental abnormalities. However, these measurements typically rely on manual segmentation, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, prone to error and depeYasmin Modarai
03
Altered brain entropy and functional connectivity patterns in peritoneal dialysis patients
ObjectiveTo explore abnormal changes in brain entropy (BEN) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and their associations with cognitive impairment (CI).MethodsFifty-three PD patients and 49 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed to calculate BEN and RSFC. Neuropsychological assessments and clinical indicator collection were conducted. PD Dashan Li
04
Local field potentials for target localization in centromedian deep brain stimulation for epilepsy
ObjectiveTo evaluate whether local field potential (LFP) spectral profiles can serve as a candidate “spectral fingerprint” for physiological confirmation of centromedian-parafascicular (CM–Pf) targeting during thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for drug resistant epilepsy (DRE).MethodsThis is a retrospective study of 10 patients (20 leads) who underwent CM-DBS implantation for DRE at a single tertiary center. Postoperative CT and preoperative MRI were co-registered, normalized to the MontrealShruti Agashe
05
Freezing of gait and the effects of vibrotactile cueing in Parkinson’s disease–a study protocol of a cross-sectional multimodal brain imaging approach in virtual walking scenarios
BackgroundFreezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), affecting a substantial proportion of people with PD. Numerous hypothetical mechanisms exist, attempting to explain FOG. Current evidence originated from stationary measures in lying positions, limiting the understanding of neurophysiological changes elicited by FOG episodes during regular locomotion. Neurophysiological aspects of FOG, especially in response to vibrotactile cueing, have bTim Göcking
06
Cerebrospinal fluid mechanics across CNS barriers: from production, circulation, and clearance to mechanomedicine
BackgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is often framed as a transport medium, yet its motion and pressure dynamics impose continuous mechanical loading on central nervous system (CNS) barrier and interface systems. These cues span scales—from cilia-scale near-wall shear to craniospinal compliance-driven pulsatility—and may shape barrier phenotypes, immune programs, and clearance efficiency. In simple terms, this review asks how abnormal CSF motion is converted into barrier dysfunction and disease-rXinglin Cheng
07
Changes in perineuronal net and parvalbumin expression in the orbitofrontal cortex of male Wistar rats following repeated fentanyl administration
The misuse of opioid medications is a significant health issue in the United States. Very few studies have investigated the effect of opioids on perineuronal nets (PNNs), scaffold-like structures that surround neurons and are involved in the regulation of plasticity-dependent mechanisms such as development, learning and memory, and acquisition of addiction-like phenotypes. Regulation of PNNs in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) during periods of drug intoxication or withdrawal is widely unknown. InMariana I. H. Dejeux
08
The potential role of aberrant microglial synaptic pruning in the neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder traditionally attributed to dopamine system hyperactivity within the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuitry. However, classical neurotransmitter hypotheses fail to fully explain the spatiotemporal and developmental specificities of the disorder. Consequently, research focus has shifted toward the neuroimmune microenvironment, specifically the role of microglia. This review aims to comprehensively explore the potential mechanisms of microgliaLu Lu
09
Microglial Sestrin2 alleviates depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in a YTHDF1-dependent manner
ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the role of microglial Sestrin2 in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depressive-like behaviors and cognitive impairment in mice, and to explore the upstream molecular mechanism underlying the abnormal expression of microglial Sestrin2.MethodsMicroglia-specific overexpression of Sestrin2 was achieved by injecting adeno-associated virus (AAV) into the CUS mouse hippocampus. Depressive-like behaviors were assessed using sucrose preference, tail suspeMing Sun
10
Automated diagnosis of Sturge–Weber syndrome by detecting leptomeningeal angiomatosis from MRI using a multi-task deep learning framework
ObjectivesSturge–Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder requiring early and accurate diagnosis. This study aims to develop a deep learning framework for automatic diagnosis of SWS by detecting leptomeningeal angiomatosis (LA) in brain magnetic resonance images (MRI).MethodsThis retrospective study includes 40 SWS patients and 101 healthy controls. T1-weighted MRI were collected over 15 years with different scanners. Multi-scale harmonization was proposed to normalize the images tJing Wu
11
Correction: Behavioral representations within the endogenous dual attentional pathways during audiovisual integration processing
Zhixi Zhang
12
Predictors of unfavorable 3-month functional outcome following intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study
BackgroundIntravenous thrombolysis with alteplase remains the standard reperfusion strategy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), yet many patients still experience unfavorable outcomes despite timely treatment, underscoring the need for reliable multimodal prognostic markers.ObjectiveTo identify independent clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging predictors of unfavorable 3-month functional outcome in anterior circulation AIS treated with alteplase, and to develop, internally validate, and benchmark Chaowei Wang
13
Integrated multi-omics and deep learning analysis reveals neurotransmitter metabolism regulatory mechanisms of Tianwang Buxin Dan
BackgroundTianwang Buxin Dan is a classical Traditional Chinese Medicine formula with documented clinical use in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, yet its molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.MethodsWe developed an integrated analytical framework combining transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling with deep learning to investigate the neurotransmitter metabolism regulatory mechanisms of Tianwang Buxin Dan. Data were collected from a para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA)- induced insomMacao Wan
14
Neonatal propofol exposure impairs synaptic plasticity and cognition, associated with BAG3 upregulation and disrupted synaptic protein homeostasis
BackgroundPropofol is widely used in pediatric anesthesia, but it has been implicated in adverse effects on brain development following repeated early-life exposure. Bag3, a co-chaperone protein involved in proteostasis and the neuronal stress response, may play a critical role in regulating synaptic function during early brain maturation.MethodsNeonatal mice were treated with propofol on postnatal days 5–7. Hippocampal neurogenesis was assessed via BrdU immunofluorescence. Synaptic proteins (PSLiurong Chen
15
A configurable streaming spiking neural network accelerator with decoupled pixel–level and output–channel parallelism for automatic modulation classification
Streaming spiking neural network (SNN) accelerators are widely adopted on edge platforms for their deterministic, low-latency inference. Realizing their full efficiency, however, requires three properties to hold simultaneously: a router-free streaming dataflow, joint exploitation of temporal and spatial sparsity within that dataflow, and configurable parallelism that can adapt to heterogeneous layers and hardware budgets. Existing streaming SNN accelerators typically achieve at most two of thesKuilian Yang
16
A dual-branch network with brain region-constrained attention for EEG emotion recognition
IntroductionElectroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion recognition provides an objective avenue for affective computing. However, the complexity of EEG signals across temporal, frequency, and spatial domains makes any single dimension inadequate.MethodsTo overcome these limitations, we propose the Brain Region-Constrained Attention Dual-Branch Network (BRAD-Net). This network adopts a parallel Spatio-Temporal and Spectral-Spatial dual-branch architecture to achieve synergistic multi-domain EEG fChengyu Hua
17
Correction: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) knock-down is protective against hypoxia, Aβ1-42 oligomer and Aβ1-42 fibril-induced neuronal cell death: implications in AD pathogenesis
Ramcharan Singh Angom
18
Development of a transformation model to analyze horizontal saccadic velocity using electrooculography: a pilot feasibility study
IntroductionSaccadic eye movements are established biomarkers in neuroscience and clinical neurology, with video-oculography (VOG) serving as the gold standard for measurement. However, the high cost, bulky equipment, and poor portability of VOG systems restrict their clinical utility. Electrooculography (EOG) provides a practical alternative, but quantitative conversion of EOG-derived measurements into VOG-equivalent values remains insufficiently established. This study aimed to develop and valDa Young Kim
19
Prototypical graph based deep label propagation with semantic augmentation for cross-subject and cross-session EEG emotion recognition
Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based emotion recognition faces significant generalization challenges in cross-subject and cross-session settings, primarily due to the inherent non-stationarity, individual differences, and semantic deficiency of EEG signals. To address these challenges and enhance the universality of affective brain-computer interface systems, this study proposes a novel unsupervised domain adaptation framework named Prototypical Graph-based Deep Label Propagation with Semantic AugmeYufang Dan
20
Lower limb rehabilitation in chronic incomplete SCI: a randomized controlled trial protocol comparing combined TMS-tSCS neuromodulation vs. tSCS alone
BackgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) affects 15.4 million people worldwide, with a substantial proportion of incomplete SCI patients remaining non-ambulatory, highlighting the importance of motor function recovery and mobility in rehabilitation. While transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) has emerged as a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique for enhancing motor recovery, the therapeutic potential of combining tSCS with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) remains largely uneRavi Shankar

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Human Neuroscience

Frontiers

18分钟前更新

01
The general and specific in anxiety: an ERP study of social and spatial anxiety
Anxiety, characterized by pervasive feelings of nervousness and worry, may differentially impact cognitive problem-solving across various domains, including spatial and social contexts. This study investigates the relationship between distinct types of anxiety and cognitive performance, aiming to elucidate the underlying neural mechanisms involved. Sixty participants (54 females, Mage = 22.46, SD = 4.50; 6 males, Mage = 20.83, SD = 2.31) were divided into three groups: Control (N = 20), Social AEvgeniia Alenina
02
TEVSER: a theory of evolving self-representations
This paper proposes TEVSER (Theory of Evolving Self-Representations), a framework describing how increasingly complex forms of regulation give rise to psyche, consciousness, and intelligence. The central idea is that a living system is a self-regulating system that maintains homeostasis. Within this perspective, regulation can be described as a hierarchy of self-representations (Ω), emerging as control structures that guide behavior. Within this hierarchy, distinct functional levels correspond tIgor Pivovarov
03
Mapping neural activity during naturalistic visual and memory search
In everyday life, individuals often search for one of several items stored in memory. This cognitive process, known as hybrid search, is critical for tasks like navigating using landmarks. While the behavioral aspects of hybrid search have been extensively studied, the underlying neural mechanisms remain less understood. In this study, we combined concurrent magnetoencephalography (MEG) and eye movement recordings to investigate the oscillatory and evoked neural dynamics supporting hybrid searchJoaquin E. Gonzalez
04
Predictive coding is not a theory of anticipation
Romain Brette
05
Effects of motor activity versus cognitive demand on asymmetries in EEG frequency bands and their relation to handedness
IntroductionElectroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used in neuroscience to study cognitive and emotional processes, often showing functional lateralization. Alpha asymmetries are frequently interpreted as a reverse marker of functional asymmetries in cognitive activation. However, the role of motor activity versus cognitive demands in driving EEG asymmetries remains unclear.MethodsTo explore this, we analyzed resting-state and task-based EEG asymmetry from 610 healthy adults (ages 20–70) from Annakarina Mundorf
06
Self-initiated feedback enhances reward positivity during motor learning in a standing weight-shifting task
Background/ObjectivesIn motor learning, post-trial feedback provides critical information for interpreting action outcomes and adjusting subsequent motor output. One factor that may influence how feedback is processed is agency.MethodsThirty-two healthy young adults performed a standing weight-shifting task in which they reached targets without an online center of pressure (COP) display. Feedback was displayed using colors and arrows. We compared self-initiated feedback (sFB), which participantsAyumi Mochida
07
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) above individual peak alpha frequency (PAF) does not shift PAF or experimental pain sensitivity: an exploratory study
IntroductionPeak alpha frequency (PAF) is negatively associated with experimental pain sensitivity. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) enables shifting neural frequency to modulate sensory perception, yet it has not been tested in pain perception. We hypothesized that tACS application at 1 Hz above the individual PAF (iPAF) would increase PAF and reduce experimental pain ratings.MethodsThis is a double-blind, sham-controlled, crossover, exploratory study with 15 healthy participIrit Weissman-Fogel
08
Alterations in brain structure–function coupling associated with musical training
ObjectiveMusical activity requires the coordinated integration of auditory, motor, and cognitive systems, making it an effective framework for studying brain plasticity. Previous studies have explored music training-related alterations in brain structure and function. However, the relationship between structure and function remains insufficiently understood. In this study, we applied a novel morphometric measure, morphometric inverse divergence, to assess the structural decoupling index (SDI) anWenjie Li
09
Overcoming barriers in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome research: the CureME participatory model
Research into Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) presents unique challenges. These stem from the logistical difficulties created by the degree of disability experienced and heterogeneous diagnostic criteria driven by etiological uncertainty. This is compounded by distrust of research institutions within the ME/CFS community, due to historical mischaracterization of ME/CFS as a psychosomatic disease. This commentary proposes a framework to address the resulting methodologElla Abken
10
Neurorights: comparing some perspectives on legal reform in global south to analyze the Brazilian case
This paper examines the emergence of neurorights as a legal response to the normative risks associated with the development of neurotechnologies. After defining the concept and its core elements, we adopt a selective comparative perspectives on global south regulatory pathways. It analyzes the Chilean constitutional reform as a pioneering but contested experience, contrasts it with the Brazilian scenario of still-fragmented legislative initiatives, and incorporates the Mexican debate on a generaAlex Moreira
11
Developmental stability of task-rest neural efficiency in youth using a threat and cognitive control task
Behaviors arise from coordinated neural activity across diverse spatial and temporal scales. Prior work has linked better task performance and cognitive functioning to patterns of global network connectivity requiring minimal reconfiguration when switching between task demands. This metric indexing similarity in functional connectivity across task and rest has been termed “neural efficiency.” Here we assess stability of neural efficiency over approximately 3 years in adolescence, specificity acrParmis Khosravi
12
Naturalistic stimuli in neuroimaging studies of autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
Naturalistic stimuli, such as movies and socially rich videos, are increasingly used in neuroimaging to study brain function under conditions that approximate real-world experience. This approach may be particularly informative for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where social and emotional differences often emerge in complex, dynamic environments that simplified paradigms may not adequately capture. Here, we provide a systematic review of neuroimaging studies that have employed naturalistic stimIoannis Ntoumanis
13
Effects of BCI-based lower limb robots on lower limb function and cognition in stroke patients: a preliminary systematic review
BackgroundBCI-based lower limb robots (BCI-LLR) represent a novel technology used in neurological rehabilitation for stroke patients. However, the effectiveness of BCI-LLR compared to traditional rehabilitation in improving lower extremity function and cognition remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to determine whether BCI-based lower limb robots are more effective than traditional rehabilitation for lower limb dysfunction after stroke.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across muMengqi Shao
14
A transdisciplinary framework for empathy research
IntroductionEmpathy research spans the social, natural, and clinical sciences, yet its translational impact has been limited by conflicting conceptual frameworks and incompatible methodologies. This paper addresses these barriers by introducing a transdisciplinary framework that consolidates predominant theories of empathy and integrates contemporary neuroscience findings.MethodsA conceptual synthesis was conducted to reconcile major theoretical perspectives and relevant neuroscience findings frKathryn K. Irish
15
Editorial: Women in brain imaging and stimulation in the era of artificial intelligence
Wen Li
16
Dual-task gait assessment using n-back testing during self-paced treadmill walking in virtual reality: reliability and baseline characterisation for future clinical application
BackgroundDual-task gait paradigms are widely used to assess cognitive–motor integration, however considerable methodological heterogeneity remains. Fixed-speed locomotion and limited assessment of repeatability have contributed to inconsistent baseline findings in healthy adults, complicating interpretation of dual-task effects reported in clinical populations.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the reliability and baseline gait behaviour associated with a dual-task paradigm combining non-immeMohammad Al-Amri
17
Single-subject auditory ERP-BCI performance enhancement in ALS via an AI coding assistant prompt
IntroductionAuditory event-related potential (ERP) brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer communication support for individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who eventually progress to completely locked-in states. However, individual-specific BCI pipeline optimization is technically demanding and time-consuming, leaving substantial room for performance improvement in practice. A central challenge is increasing selection speed while maintaining reliable classification accuracy, since sMikito Ogino
18
Optimization of stimulus color for peripheral SSVEP-based brain-computer interfaces
BackgroundMost existing steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) struggle to balance user experience with system performance. Although recent studies have shown that peripheral vision stimulation can evoke SSVEPs with high user comfort, the impact of stimulus color on peripheral SSVEP performance remains underexplored. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate the effect of stimulus color on peripheral SSVEPs.MethodsFour conventional stimulus colorHaochen Liu
19
Cognitive impairment based on computerized testing among patients with major depressive disorder after remission
ObjectivesTo investigate risk factors associated with cognitive impairment among patients achieving remission from major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of data that had been prospectively collected from 1,227 patients diagnosed with MDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). Remission was defined as achieving a total score of 7 or less on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) followingCui Zhang
20
Naturalizing perceptual experience: the explanatory power of probabilistic computation and the holographic solution
When it comes to consciousness, a central problem is a lack of clarity regarding the ontological status of the phenomenon to be explained. What kind of ‘thing in the world’ is consciousness? In other words, what will a naturalization of consciousness look like? Naturalization requires that every agreed property of consciousness is made continuous with the properties admitted by the natural sciences. In short, the hard problem will remain hard until we fully understand cortical computation, and tAsger Kirkeby-Hinrup

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